Michael Jackson videography
From Jackopedia
Michael Jackson was an American recording artist, entertainer, and businessman. He debuted on the professional music scene at age 11 as a member of The Jackson 5 and began a solo career in 1971 while still a member of the group.[1] Referred to as the "King of Pop" in subsequent years,[2] seven of his solo albums have been promoted with music videos. In the early 1980s, Jackson became a dominant figure in popular culture and the first African-American entertainer to amass a strong crossover following on MTV.[3][4] The popularity of his music videos that aired on MTV, such as "Beat It", "Billie Jean" and Thriller—credited for transforming the music video into an art form and a promotional tool—helped bring the relatively new channel to fame. Videos such as "Black or White" and "Scream" made Jackson an enduring staple on MTV into the 1990s. Some of his short films drew controversy for their violent and sexual elements; others were lauded by critics and awarded Guinness World Records.
The singer starred in The Jacksons in 1976, a variety show featuring the Jackson family. He went on to appear in films such as Men in Black II and Miss Cast Away. Jackson created his own feature length movie, Moonwalker, at a cost of $23 million. Several of Jackson's films are also notable for their runtime. Captain EO, a 17 minute film that costed $30 million to create, was the most expensive video to produce (in dollars per minute) on its release. Ghosts, in which Jackson plays four separate characters, has been credited as the longest music video ever.
Jackson's Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever performance received critical acclaim, as did his halftime performance at Super Bowl XXVII. He also featured, uncredited, in a 1991 episode of The Simpsons; the producers were legally prevented from revealing his identity. Jackson's interviews have dealt with the controversial topics surrounding him. Such topics have included two allegations of child molestation; the 1993 child sexual abuse allegations and his 2005 child sexual abuse trial. Jackson also spoke of his changing appearance in a 1993 interview with Oprah Winfrey, denouncing rumours of skin bleaching.
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[edit] Music videos
Jackson's short films became as influential as his music. His Off the Wall era videos were enhanced through the use of split screen effects and Jackson's own enthusiastic lip syncing. Jackson's dancing was not overtly sexual, compared with his later works, but was reinforced through the use of sexually suggestive lyrics.[5]
The videos from Thriller are considered the most important of Jackson's career, aiding the album's record breaking sales. "Billie Jean" brought MTV, a relatively unknown music channel, to mainstream attention. When Walter Yetnikoff, the president of Jackson's record label, CBS, approached MTV to play the "Billie Jean" video, they initially refused; they felt black music wasn't "rock" enough. Yetnikoff became enraged with the refusal, and threatened to go public with MTV's stance on black musicians. "I said to MTV, ‘I’m pulling everything we have off the air, all our product. I’m not going to give you any more videos. And I’m going to go public and fucking tell them about the fact you don’t want to play music by a black guy.’" MTV relented and played the "Billie Jean" video in heavy rotation, as well as the music of other black artists.[6][7] The short film earned Jackson numerous awards and has been lauded by pop stars, video directors, agents and journalists.[8][9] The music video of "Beat It" showcased two gangs coming together through dance and, along with Thriller, became famous for its use of mass choreography. Thriller introduced the use of female counterparts to short films, and was extremely expensive to make. The film showcased the potential of music videos to be both short films and major media events.[5]
Bad introduced more innovative videos, which included the use of animation ("Leave Me Alone") and claymation ("Speed Demon"). Videos released in this period also continued the usage of group choreography ("Bad", directed by Martin Scorcese, and "Smooth Criminal") and a female love interest ("The Way You Make Me Feel"). Jackson's video making continued throughout the 1990s, although some films drew controversy. "Black or White" was accompanied by a controversial music video, which, on November 14, 1991, simultaneously premiered in 27 countries with an estimated audience of 500 million people, the largest viewing ever for a music video.[10] It featured scenes of violence and sexualized dancing. Jackson apologized for the offending scenes in the final half of the 14-minute version, which were edited out to prevent the video from being banned.[11] Along with Jackson, it featured Macaulay Culkin, Peggy Lipton and George Wendt. It helped usher in morphing as an important technology in music videos.[5][12] The short films from Jackson's HIStory: Past, Present and Future album also generated controversy; the prison version of "They Don't Care About Us" was considered too violent, and was later replaced with a music video set in Brazil. Both versions of the short film were directed by Spike Lee.[13] Rupert Wainwright directed the "HIStory Teaser", a promotional trailer for Jackson's HIStory album. The teaser, filmed in Hungary, showed Jackson marching with soldiers dressed in red. When compared with Leni Riefenstahl's propaganda film, Triumph of the Will, Jackson refuted the claim. The singer argued, "It's not political. It's not fascist. It's pure, simple love."[14][15]
Jackson's short films have been recognised by the The Guinness Book of World Records. The music video for "Scream", directed by Mark Romanek and production designer Tom Foden, is one of Jackson's most critically acclaimed. In 1995, it received 11 MTV Video Music Award Nominations—more than any other music video—and won "Best Dance Video", "Best Choreography", and "Best Art Direction".[16] The song and its accompanying video are a response to the backlash Jackson received from the media after being accused of child sexual abuse in 1993.[17] Foden commented "Mark had written the treatment and the general idea was that Michael and Janet were on this large spacecraft. And they, were alone ... They were getting away from Earth, and the different sets were the different environments on the spacecraft where they could have a little bit of fun and where they could relax".[16] Foden described the assignment as a "military operation" as he explained "[t]he idea was to give each of the art directors three sets: a complicated one, a not-so-complicated one, and one of the smaller, easier vignettes."[16] A year later, it won a Grammy for Best Music Video, Short Form; shortly afterward Guinness World Records listed it as the most expensive music video ever made at a cost of $7 million.[18][19] Ghosts was named the longest music video ever by the record book, while Thriller later collected a world record for being the most successful music video of all time.[19][20]
[edit] List of music videos by Jackson
[edit] Filmography
Jackson's first film role was as the Scarecrow in the The Wiz, an urbanized retelling of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. Jackson was dedicated to the role, and watched videotapes of gazelles, cheetahs and panthers in order to learn graceful movements for his part.[57] Quincy Jones was the musical supervisor and music producer for the film and marked Jones' first time working with Michael Jackson.[57] Jones would later produce three hit albums for Jackson: Off the Wall, Thriller, and Bad.[58] Jones recalled working with Jackson as one of his favorite experiences from The Wiz, and spoke of Jackson's dedication to his role, comparing his acting style to Sammy Davis, Jr.[57] Michael Jackson's performance as the Scarecrow was received positively, with critics noting that he possessed "genuine acting talent" and "provided the only genuinely memorable moments."[59] In 1980, Jackson stated that his time working on The Wiz was "my greatest experience so far...I'll never forget that."[59]
Jackson's Captain EO premiered in 1986, and was directed by Francis Coppola. The singer played a space commander who battled against a hideous queen, portrayed by Anjelica Huston. Jackson performed two songs for the film: "Another Part of Me" and "We Are Here to Change the World".[60] Lasting 17 minutes and costing $30 million to make, the film was the most expensive video produced per-minute.[32] Co-produced by Jackson's manager, Frank Dileo, Moonwalker cost $27 million to create. Part clip compilation and part musical autobiography, the film features the innovative music video to Jackson's "Leave Me Alone".[61] Ghosts, in which Jackson is transformed into an elderly Caucasian man with no rhythm,[62] holds the world record for being the longest music video ever made.[19] Jackson has also had cameo appearances in two feature films. Having turned down an offer to star in Men in Black, Jackson played Agent M in its sequel, Men in Black II.[63][64] In 2004, Jackson made a cameo appearance in Miss Cast Away. He played Agent MJ, a parody of his role in Men in Black II.[65]
| Year | Film | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 1978 | The Wiz | Scarecrow |
| 1986 | Captain EO | Captain EO |
| 1988 | Moonwalker | Michael Jackson |
| 1997 | Ghosts | Maestro/Mayor/Ghoul/Skeleton |
| 2002 | Men in Black II | Agent M |
| 2004 | Miss Cast Away | Agent MJ |
[edit] Television
"Stark Raving Dad" was the first episode in the third season of The Simpsons. Jackson performed the speaking voice of Leon Kompowsky under the pseudonym John Jay Smith. Jackson wrote the song "Do the Bartman" but did not receive credit for it. Jackson also wrote the song "Happy Birthday Lisa" for the episode, which was later included in the album Songs in the Key of Springfield. One of Michael Jackson's conditions for guest starring was that he voiced himself, but a sound-alike would receive credit. While he recorded the voice work for the character, all of his singing was performed by Kipp Lennon, because Jackson wanted to play a joke on his brothers and fool them into thinking the impersonator was him.[66] The producers of the show were legally prevented from confirming Jackson guest starred at the time, although many media sources assumed it was really him.[67][68][69][70]
| Year | Programme | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | The Simpsons – "Stark Raving Dad" | Leon Kompowsky |
[edit] Notable appearances
In 1976, Jackson appeared in The Jacksons, a variety show that featured the Jackson family. He did not want to participate but was outvoted by his family. It was the first time an African American family had starred in a television series. The series ended the following year.[71]
Staged at the Pasadena Civic Auditorium, Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever was a celebration of Motown Records' twenty-fifth anniversary. Following a medley of The Jackson 5' hits, the pop star went into his "Billie Jean" routine and debuted the moonwalk. The performance was watched by 50 million people and earned Jackson an Emmy nomination.[72][73][74] Another of Jackson's most acclaimed performances came during the halftime show at Super Bowl XXVII. His routine included four songs: "Jam", "Billie Jean", "Black or White" and "Heal the World". It was the first Super Bowl where the audience figures increased during the half-time show, and was viewed by 135 million Americans alone; Jackson's Dangerous album rose 90 places up the album chart.[75] Jackson gave a 90-minute interview with Oprah Winfrey in February 1993, his first television interview since 1979. The interview was watched by 90 million Americans, becoming the fourth most-viewed non-sport program in US history. It also started a public debate on the topic of vitiligo, a relatively unknown condition before then.[75][76][77] Jackson's duet with his sister Janet, "Scream", premiered in the summer of 1995 on MTV and BET. The next evening it premiered on ABC-TV's "Primetime Live" during Diane Sawyer's interview with Jackson and Lisa Marie Presley. The interview was Jackson's only one with Presley, and his first since being accused of child sexual abuse in 1993. The interview was broadcast to approximately 64 million viewers and served as a promotional tool for the singer's HIStory album.[18]
Michael Jackson: 30th Anniversary Special was a 2001 concert celebrating Jackson's thirtieth year as a solo entertainer. The concert was broadcast by CBS, and featured performances by Luther Vandross, Usher, Liza Minnelli and Jackson himself. The event also featured the reunion of The Jacksons who performed a medley of their hits.[78] 2003 saw the airing of Living with Michael Jackson, a documentary following Jackson for 8 months. The documentary was produced by Granada Television for their Tonight series, and featured Martin Bashir interviewing the singer. Granada sold the rights to ABC News, and upon ABC broadcasting the show, it gained 33 million viewers.[79][80] Following an indictment on child molestation charges, Jackson was interviewed by Ed Bradley for the programme 60 Minutes. In the interview Jackson said that he was innocent of all charges and that "people think sex".[81] Jackson stated that his "mind doesn't run that way. When I see children, I see the face of God. That's why I love them so much. That's what I see."[81] He also claimed that the Santa Barbara County police manhandled him, dislocating his shoulder in the process.[81] Jackson stated that during his arrest, and upon him asking to use the restroom, he was redirected to a toilet covered in feces and locked in for 45 minutes. During this time period, an officer taunted him, asking, "does it smell good enough for you in there?".[81]
| Year | Programme |
|---|---|
| 1976–1977 | The Jacksons |
| 1983 | Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever |
| 1993 | Super Bowl XXVII |
| The Oprah Winfrey Show | |
| 1995 | Primetime Live |
| 2001 | Michael Jackson: 30th Anniversary Special |
| 2003 | Living with Michael Jackson |
| 60 Minutes |
[edit] DVDs
Jackson has released several DVDs, with some having originally been released on VHS. All of Jackson's DVD releases, including the Dangerous World Tour concert DVD, Live in Bucharest: The Dangerous Tour, have been certified by the Recording Industry Association of America. Moonwalker remains Jackson's most successful U.S. release, having sold 800,000 copies. Number Ones is Jackson's best-selling DVD in Australia, with sales of 150,000 and a certification of 10x Platinum by Australian Recording Industry Association.
| Year | Information | U.S. certifications | Australian certifications |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 | Moonwalker
|
RIAA: 8x Multi-Platinum[83]
|
|
| 1993 | Dangerous - The Short Films
|
RIAA: 2x Multi-Platinum[83]
|
ARIA: Platinum[85]
|
| 1995 | Video Greatest Hits - HIStory
|
RIAA: 5x Multi-Platinum[83]
|
ARIA: 3x Platinum[86]
|
| 1997 | HIStory on Film, Volume II
|
RIAA: 3x Multi-Platinum[83]
|
ARIA: 6x Platinum[87]
|
| 2003 | Number Ones
|
RIAA: 4x Multi-Platinum[83]
|
ARIA: 10x Platinum[85]
|
| 2004 | The One
|
RIAA: Gold[83]
|
|
| 2005 | Live in Bucharest: The Dangerous Tour
|
RIAA: Gold[83]
|
ARIA: 4x Platinum[85]
|
[edit] Notes
- ↑ George, p. 20
- ↑ Keehner, Jonathan; Mider, Zachary R. (November 5, 2008). "Michael Jackson's Neverland Loan Sold by Fortress to Colony". Bloomberg L.P.. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601088&sid=admSeQqJY2Xs&refer=home. Retrieved on February 2, 2009.
- ↑ Yardley, Jonathan (August 30, 1993). "Nothing More Than ... Feelings". Washington Post. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-962615.html. Retrieved on March 10, 2009.
- ↑ Day, Elizabeth (March 8, 2009). "Off the wall but still invincible". Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/mar/08/michael-jackson-profile-pop-culture. Retrieved on March 10, 2009.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Weitner, Sean. "Michael Jackson: A Life in Film". Flak magazine. http://www.flakmag.com/music/mj/videos.html. Retrieved on February 15, 2009.
- ↑ "The 500 Greatest Songs Since You Were Born: Number 1". Blender. (October, 2005). http://www.blender.com/guide/articles.aspx?ID=1777. Retrieved on February 15, 2009.
- ↑ Cocks, Jay (December 26, 1983). "Sing a Song of Seeing". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,926425-3,00.html. Retrieved on February 15, 2009.
- ↑ Smith, David (January 30, 2005). "Cash tops Thriller with best video ever". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/jan/30/arts.artsnews. Retrieved on February 15, 2009.
- ↑ Halstead, pp. 39–41
- ↑ "The return of the King of Pop". MSNBC. (November 02, 2006). http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15529981/. Retrieved on March 03, 2009.
- ↑ Michael Jackson Dangerous on Film VHS/DVD
- ↑ Campbell (1993), p. 303
- ↑ Halstead, p. 316
- ↑ Halstead, p. 140
- ↑ Schoemer, Karen. "Michael Jackson on Primetime". Newsweek. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-17101140.html. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Boepple, Leanne (November 1, 1995). "Scream: space odyssey Jackson-style". TCI. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-9377942_ITM. Retrieved on March 21, 2009.
- ↑ Bark, Ed (1995-06-26), Michael Jackson Interview Raises Questions, Answers, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, p. 06E
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 George, pp. 48–50
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Guinness World Records 2002, p. 36
- ↑ "Jackson receives his World Records". Yahoo! Music. (November 14, 2006). http://uk.news.launch.yahoo.com/dyna/article.html?a=/14112006/344/jackson-receives-world-records.html&e=l_news_dm. Retrieved on February 1, 2009.
- ↑ Halstead, p. 92
- ↑ Halstead, p. 262
- ↑ Halstead, p. 278
- ↑ Halstead, p. 37
- ↑ Halstead, p. 29
- ↑ Halstead, p. 270
- ↑ Halstead, p. 320
- ↑ Halstead, p. 23
- ↑ Halstead, p. 341
- ↑ Halstead, p. 85
- ↑ Halstead, p. 216
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 Halstead, p. 18
- ↑ Byrne, Bridget (November 18, 1987). "'Bad' business will Jackson's image sell?". Chicago Tribune. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24856396.html?dids=24856396:24856396&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Nov+18%2C+1987&author=Bridget+Byrne+Copyright+1987+by+Bridget+Byrne%3B+distributed+by+Los+Angeles+Times+Syndicate&pub=Chicago+Tribune+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc='BAD'+BUSINESS+WILL+JACKSON'S+IMAGE+SELL%3F&pqatl=google. Retrieved on June 2, 2009.
- ↑ Halstead, p. 70
- ↑ Halstead, p. 197
- ↑ Halstead, p. 200
- ↑ Halstead, p. 42
- ↑ Halstead, p. 261
- ↑ Halstead, p. 176
- ↑ Halstead, p. 358
- ↑ Halstead, p. 187
- ↑ Halstead, p. 134
- ↑ Halstead, p. 123
- ↑ Halstead, p. 363
- ↑ Halstead, p. 126
- ↑ Halstead, p. 140
- ↑ Halstead, p. 271
- ↑ Halstead, p. 66
- ↑ Halstead, p. 371
- ↑ Halstead, p. 97
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 Halstead, p. 315
- ↑ Halstead, p. 303
- ↑ Halstead, p. 46
- ↑ Halstead, p. 118
- ↑ Halstead, p. 377
- ↑ Halstead, p. 74
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 Jones, pp. 229, 259
- ↑ Bronson, Fred (2003). Billboard's Hottest Hot 100 Hits. Watson-Guptill. p. 107. ISBN 0823077381.
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 Dineen, p. 4
- ↑ Taraborrelli, pp. 355–356
- ↑ Taraborrelli, pp. 413–414
- ↑ Taraborrelli, p. 610
- ↑ "Jackson wanted Men In Black role". BBC News. (July 16, 2002). http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2131304.stm. Retrieved on February 7, 2009.
- ↑ Scott, A. O.. "Defending Earth, With Worms and a Talking Pug". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/03/movies/03BLAC.html?ex=1234155600&en=1e9c4a5a1eafc54f&ei=5070. Retrieved on February 7, 2009.
- ↑ Chaney, Jen (July 19, 2005). "'Miss Cast Away': You Know It's Bad". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/18/AR2005071800641_pf.html. Retrieved on February 7, 2009.
- ↑ (2003). Commentary for "Stark Raving Dad", in The Simpsons: The Complete Third Season [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.
- ↑ Jay Sharbutt (1991-09-19). "'Simpsons' Returns with a Big White Michael Jackson". The Press of Atlantic City.
- ↑ Virginia Mann (1991-09-19). "Simpsons Plays Name That Voice". The Record.
- ↑ Tom Shales (1991-09-19). "TV Previews - Simpsons: A Surprise Thriller". The Washington Post.
- ↑ Phil Rosenthal (1991-09-18). "Some Clues as to why 'The Simpsons' is Simply the Best". Daily News of Los Angeles.
- ↑ Taraborrelli, pp. 145–147
- ↑ Taraborrelli, pp. 234–240
- ↑ "A Glance at the Career of Michael Jackson". Fox News Channel. (June 14, 2005). http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,159509,00.html. Retrieved on February 15, 2009.
- ↑ Harris, Chris (January 14, 2008). "Michael Jackson, Akon Are 'Startin' Somethin' On Thriller 25 Track". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1579562/20080114/jackson_michael.jhtml?loc=interstitialskip. Retrieved on February 15, 2009.
- ↑ 75.0 75.1 Campbell, pp. 14–16
- ↑ Lewis, pp. 165–168
- ↑ George, pp. 45–46
- ↑ Neva Chonin (November 13, 2001). "TV special proves Jackson still a thriller". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2001/11/13/DD181867.DTL&hw=results+Neva+Chonin&sn=006&sc=893. Retrieved on February 3, 2009.
- ↑ Thomas Sutcliffe (February 4, 2003). "Jacko reveals all, about Bashir's grip on reality". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/first-night-living-with-michael-jackson-596580.html. Retrieved on February 2, 2009.
- ↑ Lisa de Moraes (February 8, 2003). "Jacko Takes the Glove Off In a Ratings Knockout". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A42862-2003Feb7.html. Retrieved on February 2, 2009.
- ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 81.3 David Segal (December 29, 2003). "'60 Minutes': Not Jacko's Finest Hour". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37584-2003Dec29.html. Retrieved on February 2, 2009.
- ↑ 82.0 82.1 82.2 82.3 82.4 82.5 "Michael Jackson DVDs". Artistdirect. http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/music/artist/albums/musicdvd/0,,448122,00.html. Retrieved on April 30, 2009.
- ↑ 83.00 83.01 83.02 83.03 83.04 83.05 83.06 83.07 83.08 83.09 83.10 83.11 83.12 83.13 "RIAA database". RIAA. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH. Retrieved on April 30, 2009.
- ↑ "Dangerous - The Short Films". AllMusic Guide. http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:k9fixq8kldte. Retrieved on June 2, 2009.
- ↑ 85.0 85.1 85.2 85.3 85.4 85.5 "ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2009 DVD". ARIA. http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-_000.htm. Retrieved on June 2, 2009.
- ↑ 86.0 86.1 "ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2006 DVD". ARIA. http://www.aria.com.au/pages/ARIACharts-Accreditations-2006DVD.htm. Retrieved on June 2, 2009.
- ↑ 87.0 87.1 "ARIA Charts - Accreditations - 2008 DVD". ARIA. http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupagesARIACharts-Accreditations-2008DVD_000.htm. Retrieved on June 2, 2009.
[edit] References
- Campbell, Lisa (1995). Michael Jackson: The King of Pops Darkest Hour. Branden. ISBN 0828320039.
- George, Nelson (2004). Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection booklet. Sony BMG.
- Guinness World Records (2001). Guinness World Records 2002. Guinness. ISBN 0553583786.
- Halstead, Craig (2007). Michael Jackson: For the Record. Authors OnLine. ISBN 978-0-7552026-7-6.
- Jackson, Michael; Catherine Dineen (1993). Michael Jackson: In His Own Words. Omnibus Press. ISBN 0711932166.
- Jones, Quincy (2002). Q: The Autobiography of Quincy Jones. Broadway Books. ISBN 0767905105.
- Lewis, Jel (2005). Michael Jackson, the King of Pop: The Big Picture : the Music! the Man! the Legend! the Interviews!. Amber Books Publishing. ISBN 0-974977-90-X.
- McGrath, Tim (1996). MTV: The Making of a Revolution. Running PR. ISBN 1561387037.
- Taraborrelli, J. Randy (2004). The Magic and the Madness. Terra Alta, WV: Headline. ISBN 0-330-42005-4.
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